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Application of diffusive samplers for ambient ozone measurements
Cepáková, Šárka ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Přibil, Rudolf (referee)
Diffuse sampling is based on free flow of analyte molecules from the sampled medium to a collecting medium. This method is used for quantifying ambient, gaseous air pollutant concentrations. Diffuse monitoring offers a geographical concentration distribution. It is available choice for measuring ambient ozone. Today, tropospheric ozone belongs to the most problematic pollutants in the atmosphere. And thatś why it is useful to monitor spatial and temporal variations in the amount of this pollutant. The offer of diffuse samplers for monitoring ambient ozone concentration is wide enough - the most widely used samplers are for example Gradko, Ogawa, Radiello or IVL.
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FISH method and its use in protistology
Frenclová, Martina ; Hampl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Zubáčová, Zuzana (referee)
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a technique that allows the localization and identification of specific sequences of nucleotides in DNA or RNA, which is subsequently visible under the microscope. FISH involves first denaturing the nucleic acids, either using high temperatures or by treatment with denaturing agents such as formamide.After subsequent induction of reasociation, the examined DNA or RNA pairs according to the complementarity rules with the short molecule called the probe, this process is called hybridization. Hybridization occurs in situ, that is within the examined specimen. Probes can be labeled either directly using fluorophores, or indirectly with a hapten, which is a substance having antigenic properties, which is subsequently detected using labeled antibodies or streptavidine. FISH has a large number of applications in molecular biology and medical science. In laboratory research in protistolgii FISH can be used for example to map the chromosomal genes to study the evolution of genome, analysis of nuclear organization or to confirmation of the origin of DNA sequence. Key words: FISH, fluorescence, probe, cell identification, environmental studies
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FISH method and its use in protistology
Frenclová, Martina ; Hampl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Zubáčová, Zuzana (referee)
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is a technique that allows the localization and identification of specific sequences of nucleotides in DNA or RNA, which is subsequently visible under the microscope. FISH involves first denaturing the nucleic acids, either using high temperatures or by treatment with denaturing agents such as formamide.After subsequent induction of reasociation, the examined DNA or RNA pairs according to the complementarity rules with the short molecule called the probe, this process is called hybridization. Hybridization occurs in situ, that is within the examined specimen. Probes can be labeled either directly using fluorophores, or indirectly with a hapten, which is a substance having antigenic properties, which is subsequently detected using labeled antibodies or streptavidine. FISH has a large number of applications in molecular biology and medical science. In laboratory research in protistolgii FISH can be used for example to map the chromosomal genes to study the evolution of genome, analysis of nuclear organization or to confirmation of the origin of DNA sequence. Key words: FISH, fluorescence, probe, cell identification, environmental studies
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Application of diffusive samplers for ambient ozone measurements
Cepáková, Šárka ; Přibil, Rudolf (referee) ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor)
Diffuse sampling is based on free flow of analyte molecules from the sampled medium to a collecting medium. This method is used for quantifying ambient, gaseous air pollutant concentrations. Diffuse monitoring offers a geographical concentration distribution. It is available choice for measuring ambient ozone. Today, tropospheric ozone belongs to the most problematic pollutants in the atmosphere. And thatś why it is useful to monitor spatial and temporal variations in the amount of this pollutant. The offer of diffuse samplers for monitoring ambient ozone concentration is wide enough - the most widely used samplers are for example Gradko, Ogawa, Radiello or IVL.
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Comparison of ITS nrDNA and alternative markers for fungal metabarcoding in environmental samples
Zelenka, Tomáš ; Kolařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mašek, Tomáš (referee)
The study of fungal diversity may lead to many fundamental discoveries and conclusions. Molecular genetics, and particularly high throughput sequencing methods using short DNA fragments as barcodes, has recently experienced a boom. The most frequently used marker for fungal research is the partial region of nuclear ribosomal DNA called ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer). It occurs in the form of tandem repetitions of up to 200 copies. This fact greatly simplifies its amplification from the environment but also introduces some negatives. One of them can be an existence of intragenomic and intraspecific variability which confounds diversity estimates by exaggerating the real number of species. Using alternative low-copy markers can easily prevent these problems. In this study EF-1α and RPB2 protein- coding genes were compared with traditionally used ITS1 and ITS2 markers. An artificial mock community was created by blending genomic DNA of different fungal lineages. The community was sequenced for all markers and the data were processed according to guidelines commonly used in environmental studies. The results show that ITS2 is unequivocally a more suitable marker for environmental studies than other compared markers. The average coefficient of overestimation was deemed to be approximately two for ITS1, ITS2,...
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